Regular Verb, Panduan Lengkap Kata Kerja Beraturan dalam Bahasa Inggris

Liputan6.com, Jakarta Dalam mempelajari bahasa Inggris, salah satu aspek penting yang perlu dikuasai adalah penggunaan kata kerja atau verb. Kata kerja dalam bahasa Inggris terbagi menjadi dua jenis utama: regular verb (kata kerja beraturan) dan irregular verb (kata kerja tidak beraturan). Memahami perbedaan dan cara penggunaan keduanya sangat penting untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berbahasa Inggris Anda.

Regular verb atau kata kerja beraturan adalah jenis kata kerja yang memiliki pola perubahan yang konsisten dan mudah diprediksi saat digunakan dalam berbagai bentuk waktu (tenses). Berbeda dengan irregular verb yang memiliki perubahan bentuk yang tidak beraturan, regular verb mengikuti aturan yang lebih sederhana dan mudah diingat.

Dalam artikel ini, kita akan membahas secara mendalam tentang regular verb, mulai dari definisi, cara pembentukan, hingga penggunaannya dalam kalimat. Dengan memahami regular verb dengan baik, Anda akan lebih mudah dalam membentuk kalimat dan berkomunikasi dalam bahasa Inggris.

Lalu bagaimana penggunaan regular verb dalam bahasa Inggris? Simak penjelasan selengkapnya berikut ini seperti yang telah dirangkum Liputan6.com dari berbagai sumber, Selasa (24/9/2024).

Regular verb adalah kata kerja dalam bahasa Inggris yang membentuk bentuk lampau (past tense) dan past participle dengan menambahkan akhiran "-ed" atau "-d" pada bentuk dasar (base form) kata kerja tersebut. Pola pembentukan yang konsisten ini membuat regular verb lebih mudah dipelajari dan diingat dibandingkan dengan irregular verb.

Contoh sederhana regular verb:

• Base form: play
• Past tense: played
• Past participle: played

Seperti yang dapat Anda lihat, bentuk past tense dan past participle dari kata kerja "play" sama-sama dibentuk dengan menambahkan "-ed" pada bentuk dasarnya.

Karakteristik Regular Verb

Beberapa karakteristik utama regular verb antara lain:

• Memiliki pola perubahan yang konsisten untuk bentuk past tense dan past participle.
• Umumnya dibentuk dengan menambahkan "-ed" atau "-d" pada bentuk dasar.
• Tidak mengalami perubahan pada huruf vokal dalam kata dasar.
• Lebih mudah dipelajari dan diingat dibandingkan irregular verb.

Meskipun aturan dasar pembentukan regular verb cukup sederhana, ada beberapa variasi yang perlu diperhatikan tergantung pada akhiran kata kerja dasarnya. Berikut adalah panduan lengkap cara membentuk regular verb:

1. Menambahkan "-ed"

Untuk sebagian besar regular verb, Anda cukup menambahkan "-ed" pada akhir kata kerja dasar:

• walk → walked
• talk → talked
• play → played

2. Menambahkan "-d" untuk Kata yang Berakhiran "-e"

Jika kata kerja dasar berakhiran dengan huruf "e", Anda hanya perlu menambahkan "-d":

• love → loved
• dance → danced
• move → moved

3. Menggandakan Konsonan Akhir

Untuk kata kerja satu suku kata yang berakhiran dengan pola konsonan-vokal-konsonan, konsonan terakhir digandakan sebelum menambahkan "-ed":

• stop → stopped
• plan → planned
• shop → shopped

Namun, jika kata kerja berakhiran dengan "w", "x", atau "y", konsonan akhir tidak digandakan:

• show → showed
• fix → fixed
• play → played

4. Mengubah "-y" menjadi "-i"

Jika kata kerja berakhiran dengan konsonan + "y", ubah "y" menjadi "i" sebelum menambahkan "-ed":

• cry → cried
• try → tried
• study → studied

Namun, jika "y" didahului oleh vokal, cukup tambahkan "-ed":

• play → played
• enjoy → enjoyed

5. Kata Kerja Berakhiran "-ic"

Untuk kata kerja yang berakhiran dengan "-ic", tambahkan "-ked":

• panic → panicked
• picnic → picnicked

Regular verb dapat digunakan dalam berbagai tenses atau bentuk waktu dalam bahasa Inggris. Berikut adalah beberapa contoh penggunaan regular verb dalam tenses yang umum:

1. Simple Present Tense

Dalam simple present tense, regular verb digunakan dalam bentuk dasarnya:

• I play tennis every weekend.
• She works in a bank.
• They study English twice a week.

2. Simple Past Tense

Simple past tense menggunakan bentuk lampau (past tense) dari regular verb:

• I played tennis yesterday.
• She worked in a bank last year.
• They studied English last night.

3. Present Perfect Tense

Present perfect tense menggunakan auxiliary verb "have/has" diikuti oleh past participle dari regular verb:

• I have played tennis for five years.
• She has worked in a bank since 2010.
• They have studied English for six months.

4. Past Perfect Tense

Past perfect tense menggunakan auxiliary verb "had" diikuti oleh past participle dari regular verb:

• I had played tennis before I went to college.
• She had worked in a bank before she started her own business.
• They had studied English before they moved to the United States.

5. Future Tense

Untuk future tense, regular verb tetap dalam bentuk dasarnya dan dikombinasikan dengan "will" atau "be going to":

• I will play tennis tomorrow.
• She is going to work in a bank next month.
• They will study English in London next year.

Berikut adalah daftar beberapa regular verb yang umum digunakan beserta contoh penggunaannya dalam kalimat:

1. Ask (bertanya)

• Base form: ask
• Past tense: asked
• Past participle: asked
• Contoh: I asked her about the project yesterday.

2. Clean (membersihkan)

• Base form: clean
• Past tense: cleaned
• Past participle: cleaned
• Contoh: She has cleaned the house every day this week.

3. Cook (memasak)

• Base form: cook
• Past tense: cooked
• Past participle: cooked
• Contoh: They cooked a delicious meal for the party.

4. Dance (menari)

• Base form: dance
• Past tense: danced
• Past participle: danced
• Contoh: We danced all night at the wedding reception.

5. Help (membantu)

• Base form: help
• Past tense: helped
• Past participle: helped
• Contoh: The volunteers have helped build houses for the poor.

6. Listen (mendengarkan)

• Base form: listen
• Past tense: listened
• Past participle: listened
• Contoh: I listened to music while doing my homework.

7. Open (membuka)

• Base form: open
• Past tense: opened
• Past participle: opened
• Contoh: The new shopping mall will be opened next month.

8. Start (memulai)

• Base form: start
• Past tense: started
• Past participle: started
• Contoh: The meeting started late due to traffic congestion.

9. Walk (berjalan)

• Base form: walk
• Past tense: walked
• Past participle: walked
• Contoh: We walked to the park instead of taking the bus.

10. Work (bekerja)

• Base form: work
• Past tense: worked
• Past participle: worked
• Contoh: He has worked in this company for over a decade.

Base form - Past tense - Past participle

Accept - Accepted - Accepted

Accuse - Accused - Accused

Achieve - Achieved - Achieved

Act - Acted - Acted

Add - Added - Added

Admire - Admired - Admired

Admit - Admitted - Admitted

Adopt - Adopted - Adopted

Advise - Advised - Advised

Affect - Affected - Affected

Agree - Agreed - Agreed

Allow - Allowed - Allowed

Announce - Announced - Announced

Appreciate - Appreciated - Appreciated

Approve - Approved - Approved

Argue - Argued - Argued

Arrive - Arrived - Arrived

Ask - Asked - Asked

Assist - Assisted - Assisted

Attack - Attacked - Attacked

Attempt - Attempted - Attempted

Attend - Attended - Attended

Avoid - Avoided - Avoided

Back (up) - Backed (up) - Backed (up)

Bake - Baked - Baked

Banish - Banished - Banished

Beg - Begged - Begged

Behave - Behaved - Behaved

Believe - Believed - Believed

Belittle - Belittled - Belittled

Blame - Blamed - Blamed

Bog down - Bogged down - Bogged down

Boil - Boiled - Boiled

Borrow - Borrowed - Borrowed

Bother - Bothered - Bothered

Bound - Bounded - Bounded

Brake - Braked - Braked

Brush - Brushed - Brushed

Bury - Buried - Buried

Call - Called - Called

Carry - Carried - Carried

Cause - Caused - Caused

Celebrate - Celebrated - Celebrated

Challenge - Challenged - Challenged

Change - Changed - Changed

Chase - Chased - Chased

Chat - Chatted - Chatted

Cheat - Cheated - Cheated

Check - Checked - Checked

Cheer - Cheered - Cheered

Chew - Chewed - Chewed

Clap - Clapped - Clapped

Clean - Cleaned - Cleaned

Clear - Cleared - Cleared

Climb - Climbed - Climbed

Close - Closed - Closed

Coax - Coaxed - Coaxed

Coexist - Coexisted - Coexisted

Collect - Collected - Collected

Compare - Compared - Compared

Compete - Competed - Competed

Complain - Complained - Complained

Concoct - Concocted - Concocted

Confess - Confessed - Confessed

Consider - Considered - Considered

Construct - Constructed - Constructed

Contact - Contacted - Contacted

Continue - Continued - Continued

Control - Controlled - Controlled

Cook - Cooked - Cooked

Copy - Copied - Copied

Cough - Coughed - Coughed

Count - Counted - Counted

Crash - Crashed - Crashed

Create - Created - Created

Cry - Cried - Cried

Curse - Cursed - Cursed

Cycle - Cycled - Cycled

Damage - Damaged - Damaged

Dance - Danced - Danced

Decide - Decided - Decided

Deliver - Delivered - Delivered

Demand - Demanded - Demanded

Design - Designed - Designed

Destroy - Destroyed - Destroyed

Develop - Developed - Developed

Die - Died - Died

Disappoint - Disappointed - Disappointed

Discover - Discovered - Discovered

Discuss - Discussed - Discussed

Disregard - Disregarded - Disregarded

Disturb - Disturbed - Disturbed

Divide - Divided - Divided

Drag - Dragged - Dragged

Dress - Dressed - Dressed

Dry - Dried - Dried

Dunk - Dunked - Dunked

Earn - Earned - Earned

Eliminate - Eliminated - Eliminated

Emigrate - Emigrated - Emigrated

Employ - Employed - Employed

Encourage - Encouraged - Encouraged

End - Ended - Ended

Enjoy - Enjoyed - Enjoyed

Escape - Escaped - Escaped

Establish - Established - Established

Estimate - Estimated - Estimated

Exercise - Exercised - Exercised

Expand - Expanded - Expanded

Explain - Explained - Explained

Fake - Faked - Faked

Film - Filmed - Filmed

Finish - Finished - Finished

Fish - Fished - Fished

Fix - Fixed - Fixed

Flush - Flushed - Flushed

Follow - Followed - Followed

Force - Forced - Forced

Foster - Fostered - Fostered

Fry - Fried - Fried

Gather - Gathered - Gathered

Grab - Grabbed - Grabbed

Grade - Graded - Graded

Greet - Greeted - Greeted

Ground - Grounded - Grounded

Guess - Guessed - Guessed

Happen - Happened - Happened

Harass - Harassed - Harassed

Harm - Harmed - Harmed

Hate - Hated - Hated

Heal - Healed - Healed

Heat - Heated - Heated

Help - Helped - Helped

Hesitate - Hesitated - Hesitated

Hire - Hired - Hired

Hitchhike - Hitchhiked - Hitchhiked

Hope - Hoped - Hoped

Hunt - Hunted - Hunted

Hurry - Hurried - Hurried

Hush (up) - Hushed (up) - Hushed (up)

Identify - Identified - Identified

Imagine - Imagined - Imagined

Include - Included - Included

Insist - Insisted - Insisted

Intend - Intended - Intended

Interest - Interested - Interested

Interrupt - Interrupted - Interrupted

Introduce - Introduced - Introduced

Invent - Invented - Invented

Investigate - Investigated - Investigated

Irritate - Irritated - Irritated

Jinx - Jinxed - Jinxed

Join - Joined - Joined

Joke - Joked - Joked

Jump - Jumped - Jumped

Kick - Kicked - Kicked

Kill - Killed - Killed

Kiss - Kissed - Kissed

Knock - Knocked - Knocked

Land - Landed - Landed

Last - Lasted - Lasted

Laugh - Laughed - Laughed

Learn - Learned - Learned

Lie - Lied - Lied

Lift - Lifted - Lifted

Like - Liked - Liked

Link - Linked - Linked

List - Listed - Listed

Listen - Listened - Listened

Live - Lived - Lived

Locate - Located - Located

Lock - Locked - Locked

Love - Loved - Loved

Mail - Mailed - Mailed

Marry - Married - Married

Measure - Measured - Measured

Mind - Minded - Minded

Miss - Missed - Missed

Mistreat - Mistreated - Mistreated

Mix (up) - Mixed (up) - Mixed (up)

Move - Moved - Moved

Murder - Murdered - Murdered

Name - Named - Named

Need - Needed - Needed

Note - Noted - Noted

Notice - Noticed - Noticed

Number - Numbered - Numbered

Obey - Obeyed - Obeyed

Offend - Offended - Offended

Offer - Offered - Offered

Open - Opened - Opened

Outsmart - Outsmarted - Outsmarted

Overreact - Overreacted - Overreacted

Paint - Painted - Painted

Park - Parked - Parked

Phone - Phoned - Phoned

Pick - Picked - Picked

Rip - Ripped - Ripped

Piss (off) - Pissed (off) - Pissed (off)

Place - Placed - Placed

Plan - Planned - Planned

Play - Played - Played

Please - Pleased - Pleased

Pluck - Plucked - Plucked

Practice - Practiced - Practiced

Praise - Praised - Praised

Pray - Prayed - Prayed

Prefer - Preferred - Preferred

Pretend - Pretended - Pretended

Print - Printed - Printed

Proceed - Proceeded - Proceeded

Promise - Promised - Promised

Pull - Pulled - Pulled

Punch - Punched - Punched

Punish - Punished - Punished

Purchase - Purchased - Purchased

Push - Pushed - Pushed

Question - Questioned - Questioned

Race - Raced - Raced

Rain - Rained - Rained

Rate - Rated - Rated

Recommend - Recommended - Recommended

Reduce - Reduced - Reduced

Refuse - Refused - Refused

Regret - Regretted - Regretted

Rehearse - Rehearsed - Rehearsed

Relax - Relaxed - Relaxed

Remember - Remembered - Remembered

Reply - Replied - Replied

Request - Requested - Requested

Rescue - Rescued - Rescued

Retire - Retired - Retired

Return - Returned - Returned

Rob - Robbed - Robbed

Rub - Rubbed - Rubbed

Rush - Rushed - Rushed

Scare - Scared - Scared

Scold - Scolded - Scolded

Seem - Seemed - Seemed

Select - Selected - Selected

Share - Shared - Shared

Shop - Shopped - Shopped

Shout - Shouted - Shouted

Shrug - Shrugged - Shrugged

Sign - Signed - Signed

Skate - Skated - Skated

Slap - Slapped - Slapped

Slip - Slipped - Slipped

Smoke - Smoked - Smoked

Snatch - Snatched - Snatched

Snore - Snored - Snored

Sort - Sorted - Sorted

Sound - Sounded - Sounded

Stalk - Stalked - Stalked

Stare - Stared - Stared

Start - Started - Started

State - Stated - Stated

Stay - Stayed - Stayed

Step - Stepped - Stepped

Stop - Stopped - Stopped

Store - Stored - Stored

Stroll - Strolled - Strolled

Study - Studied - Studied

Succeed - Succeeded - Succeeded

Sue - Sued - Sued

Suggest - Suggested - Suggested

Talk - Talked - Talked

Taste - Tasted - Tasted

Tease - Teased - Teased

Thank - Thanked - Thanked

Touch - Touched - Touched

Tour - Toured - Toured

Trade - Traded - Traded

Travel - Traveled - Traveled

Trip - Tripped - Tripped

Trouble - Troubled - Troubled

Try - Tried - Tried

Turn - Turned - Turned

Twist - Twisted - Twisted

Type - Typed - Typed

Underline - Underlined - Underlined

Use - Used - Used

Vary - Varied - Varied

Visit - Visited - Visited

Vote - Voted - Voted

Wait - Waited - Waited

Walk - Walked - Walked

Want - Wanted - Wanted

Warn - Warned - Warned

Wash - Washed - Washed

Waste - Wasted - Wasted

Watch - Watched - Watched

Water - Watered - Watered

Wave - Waved - Waved

Welcome - Welcomed - Welcomed

Wink - Winked - Winked

Wish - Wished - Wished

Witness - Witnessed - Witnessed

Wonder - Wondered - Wondered

Work - Worked - Worked

Worry - Worried - Worried

Wrap - Wrapped - Wrapped

Yell - Yelled - Yelled

Untuk lebih memahami regular verb, penting juga untuk mengetahui perbedaannya dengan irregular verb. Berikut adalah beberapa perbedaan utama:

1. Pola Perubahan

• Regular verb: Memiliki pola perubahan yang konsisten (umumnya menambahkan "-ed" atau "-d").
• Irregular verb: Memiliki pola perubahan yang tidak beraturan dan harus dihafalkan satu per satu.

2. Kemudahan Mempelajari

• Regular verb: Lebih mudah dipelajari karena mengikuti aturan yang konsisten.
• Irregular verb: Lebih sulit dipelajari karena tidak mengikuti pola tertentu.

3. Jumlah

• Regular verb: Jumlahnya lebih banyak dalam bahasa Inggris.
• Irregular verb: Jumlahnya lebih sedikit, tetapi banyak di antaranya adalah kata kerja yang sering digunakan.

4. Bentuk Past Tense dan Past Participle

• Regular verb: Bentuk past tense dan past participle selalu sama.
• Irregular verb: Bentuk past tense dan past participle bisa sama atau berbeda.

 

Tips Mempelajari Regular Verb

Berikut adalah beberapa tips yang dapat membantu Anda dalam mempelajari dan menguasai regular verb:

1. Pelajari aturan dasar pembentukan regular verb dan praktikkan secara konsisten.

2. Buat daftar regular verb yang sering Anda gunakan dan latih penggunaannya dalam kalimat.

3. Dengarkan dan baca materi berbahasa Inggris untuk melihat penggunaan regular verb dalam konteks.

4. Gunakan aplikasi atau website pembelajaran bahasa untuk berlatih conjugation regular verb.

5. Praktikkan penggunaan regular verb dalam percakapan sehari-hari atau menulis dalam bahasa Inggris.

Regular verb merupakan komponen penting dalam tata bahasa Inggris yang relatif mudah dipelajari karena memiliki pola perubahan yang konsisten. Dengan memahami cara pembentukan dan penggunaan regular verb, Anda akan lebih percaya diri dalam menggunakan bahasa Inggris, baik dalam bentuk lisan maupun tulisan.

Ingatlah bahwa meskipun aturan pembentukan regular verb cukup sederhana, tetap ada beberapa pengecualian dan variasi yang perlu diperhatikan. Teruslah berlatih dan menggunakan regular verb dalam konteks yang berbeda untuk meningkatkan kemampuan bahasa Inggris Anda.

Dengan menguasai regular verb, Anda telah memiliki dasar yang kuat untuk mempelajari aspek-aspek lain dari tata bahasa Inggris, termasuk irregular verb dan struktur kalimat yang lebih kompleks. Jadi, teruslah belajar dan jangan ragu untuk menggunakan pengetahuan Anda tentang regular verb dalam komunikasi sehari-hari!